Laparoscopy, also known as keyhole surgery or abdominal endoscopy, is one of the most important minimally invasive diagnostic and surgical procedures in modern medicine. It allows physicians to examine and treat abdominal and pelvic organs with minimal trauma to the patient.

What Is a Laparoscopy?

During a laparoscopy, a specialized endoscope called a laparoscope is inserted into the abdominal cavity through small skin incisions. The instrument is equipped with a camera, light source, and often irrigation and suction systems.

To provide a clear view of the internal organs, the abdomen is gently inflated with carbon dioxide gas. Images are transmitted to a monitor in real time, allowing detailed examination of abdominal and pelvic structures.

When Is Laparoscopy Performed?

Applications in Surgery and Gynecology

Laparoscopy is not only used for diagnosis. Many surgical procedures can now be performed using minimally invasive techniques commonly referred to as keyhole surgery.

Benefits of Laparoscopy

Compared with traditional open surgery, laparoscopy offers numerous advantages. The small incisions help preserve surrounding tissues and reduce surgical trauma.

Risks of Laparoscopy

Laparoscopy is generally considered a safe procedure. However, as with any medical intervention, bleeding, infection, or injury to organs, blood vessels, or surrounding tissues may occur.

In some cases, temporary shoulder pain may develop after the procedure due to the gas used during the examination. These symptoms usually resolve within a short period of time.

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